When we think of Palma, the vibrant capital of Mallorca, our minds often drift to sun-soaked beaches, elegant yachts, and lively plazas.
Hidden amid its bustling streets and modern attractions, Palma also harbors a treasure trove of history that reflects the island’s diverse past. Why not use luggage storage in Palma to drop your suitcases and embark on an island history tour?
Once you’re ready, let’s take a journey through time and uncover the pivotal historical points that have left a mark on this sun-drenched paradise.
Begin With the Romans: The Foundation of Palma
Though the origins of Mallorca can be traced back to prehistoric times, it was the Romans who truly brought Palma to prominence. In 123 BC, after conquering the island, the Romans established Palmaria Palmensis, what we know today as Palma.
As you walk the labyrinthine streets of the Old Town, imagine Roman senators, merchants, and soldiers strolling the same pathways. Key remnants of this era include the Roman Theatre, one of the few remaining Roman structures on the island. The theater’s modest remains provide a window into a bygone era, emphasizing Palma’s ancient roots.
The Moors’ Architectural Footprints
The next significant chapter in Palma’s history came with the arrival of the Moors in the 10th century. They ruled Mallorca for several centuries, and their influence can still be felt throughout Palma today.
One of the most distinctive examples of Moorish architecture is the Banys Àrabs, or Arab Baths. Tucked away in a quiet corner of the Old Town, these baths are one of the last remnants of Palma’s Moorish past. The central bathing room, with its characteristic dome and atmospheric arches, transports visitors back to a time when this space was a hub of social activity.
Gothic Grandeur: La Seu Cathedral
Fast forward to the 13th century, and we see the island reclaimed by the Spanish under King James I of Aragon. This reconquest brought about significant changes to the island, not least of which was the construction of the iconic La Seu Cathedral.
Dominating Palma’s skyline, this stunning Gothic edifice stands as a testament to the island’s Christian reclamation. Work began in the early 1300s and spanned several centuries, resulting in a blend of architectural styles. The vast rose window, intricate stone carvings, and the modernist touches added in the early 20th century make this cathedral an absolute must-visit.
Fortified Defenses: Castell de Bellver
Perched on a hill, with panoramic views of Palma and the azure waters of the Mediterranean, stands the Castell de Bellver. Built in the 14th century, this circular fortress is unique not only in Mallorca but throughout Spain.
Initially serving as a royal residence, the castle later became a military prison and now houses the city’s history museum. As you stroll along its ramparts, the castle’s strategic position becomes evident — offering a vantage point to defend against potential invaders. The Castell de Bellver serves as a reminder of the strategic importance of Mallorca in the Mediterranean and the various powers that sought to control it.
The Jewish Legacy: Call Major
Palma’s Jewish Quarter, known as Call Major, is a poignant reminder of the island’s rich, multicultural tapestry. This historic neighborhood, tucked away behind the grandeur of La Seu Cathedral, tells tales of a once-thriving Jewish community that significantly contributed to the island’s cultural and economic prosperity.
Wandering through the narrow alleys, one can come across subtle hints of its Jewish past, from hidden Hebrew inscriptions to the layout of homes designed to adhere to Jewish customs.
Particularly noteworthy is the Montesion Church, which once served as a synagogue before the Jewish expulsion in 1492. A visit to Call Major offers an insight into the complex interplay of religions and cultures in Palma’s history.
Renaissance Flourish: Palacio Real de La Almudaina
Overlooking the Bay of Palma, the grand Almudaina Palace stands as a testament to the island’s renaissance era. Originally an Arab fortress, the palace underwent significant transformations under the Christian monarchs. Today, it serves as a perfect example of the Gothic architectural style blended with Moorish elements.
The royal chapel, Salón del Rey, and the lavish rooms adorned with tapestries and period furniture showcase the opulence and grandeur of the Spanish monarchs. The Almudaina Palace offers a glimpse into the lives of the aristocracy and the island’s pivotal role in the broader Mediterranean world during the Renaissance.
Embracing Palma’s Past
In the heart of the Mediterranean, Palma stands not just as a beacon of sun and sea but as a living museum echoing tales from eras gone by. Every street whispers secrets, every edifice narrates a tale, and every vista paints a story.
