Chicago police say the man was taken to Northwestern Memorial Hospital in critical condition.
It is a believed suicide attempt.
The man in his 30s jumped from the second floor of the cafe balcony on the the first floor of the Modern Wing of the museum, according to a statement released by museum officials.
According to the statement, the man had been behaving “erratically” before jumping over the railing, officials said.
The Art Institute of Chicago is an encyclopedic art museum located in Chicago’s Grant Park.
It features a collection of Impressionist and Post-Impressionist art in its permanent collection.
The Chicago Tribune contributed to this story.
